Laser cleaning is a technology that uses the high energy, high brightness, and directionality of laser beams to instantly heat and vaporize contaminants on the surface of objects to achieve cleaning purposes. Laser cleaning has obvious differences and advantages from traditional cleaning methods such as mechanical friction, chemical corrosion, liquid-solid strong impact, and high-frequency ultrasonic waves. This article will comparatively analyze the advantages of laser cleaning compared with traditional cleaning methods. We should start from the following aspects.
1. Cleaning effect
The cleaning effect of laser cleaning is better than traditional cleaning methods, mainly in the following aspects:
1) Laser cleaning can remove various types of contaminants on the surface of various materials, including metal oxides, oil stains, adhesives, coatings, biological contaminants, etc., achieving a level of cleanliness that cannot be achieved by conventional cleaning.
2) Laser cleaning can select the cleaning parts without damaging the base material and maintain the original shape and performance of the object. Traditional cleaning methods are often contact cleaning, which exerts mechanical force on the surface of the object to be cleaned, damaging the surface of the object or the cleaning medium adheres to the surface of the object to be cleaned and cannot be removed, causing secondary pollution.
3) Laser cleaning can also form a dense oxide protective film or metal melt layer on the surface of metal objects by setting different parameters to improve surface strength and corrosion resistance.
2. Cleaning efficiency
The cleaning efficiency of laser cleaning is higher than that of traditional cleaning methods, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1) Laser cleaning is an instant heating and vaporization process. The cleaning speed is fast and can usually be completed within a few seconds to a few minutes. Traditional cleaning methods take a long time and even require soaking and repeated cleaning to meet the requirements.
2) Laser cleaning can cooperate with robot hands and robots to achieve remote operation, realize automated cleaning, and reduce labor costs and human errors. Traditional cleaning methods require manual operation, are labor-intensive, and have many safety hazards.
3) Laser cleaning does not require any chemicals or cleaning fluids. The cleaned waste materials are solid powder, which is small in size, easy to store, and recyclable, saving material costs and processing costs. Traditional cleaning methods consume a large amount of water and solid impurities, and the subsequent waste liquid treatment work is also complicated, costly, and polluting.
3. Clean environment
Laser cleaning is a “green” cleaning method that does not produce any harmful gases, liquids, or solid wastes, has no pollution to the environment, and complies with national environmental protection requirements. Traditional cleaning methods will produce a large amount of chemical wastewater, waste gas, waste residue, etc., causing serious pollution to the environment. Especially when the dirt composition is complex, multiple cleaning agents must be used for repeated cleaning to meet the surface cleanliness requirements.
4. Clean and safe
The cleaning safety of laser cleaning is higher than that of traditional cleaning methods, mainly in the following aspects:
1) Laser cleaning does not require using any toxic, harmful, flammable, or explosive chemicals and cleaning fluids, and will not cause harm to human health. The chemicals and cleaning fluids used in traditional cleaning methods are often highly corrosive, irritating, toxic, etc., causing damage to human skin, eyes, respiratory system, etc.
2) Laser cleaning will not produce noise, dust, inhalable particles, etc., and will not cause damage to human hearing, respiratory system, etc. Traditional cleaning methods will produce high-decibel noise, large amounts of dust, inhalable particles, etc., causing damage to human hearing and respiratory systems.
3) Laser cleaning can achieve long-distance operation, avoid personnel contact with the objects being cleaned, and prevent risks such as burns, scratches, and infections. Traditional cleaning methods require personnel to directly contact the objects being cleaned, which poses risks such as burns, scratches, and infections.
In summary, laser cleaning has many advantages over traditional cleaning and is an emerging cleaning technology. With the continuous improvement of technology and the mass production of equipment, its advantages will become more obvious, its application scope will become wider, and its limitations will gradually reduce.
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